Simple Present Tense
Shows an action which happens repeatedly, habitually or general fact.
ساده حاضره زمانه: داسې عمل ښایي کوم چې باربار واقع شي، عادتی عمل وي یا عام حقیقت وي.
Structure: Sub+verb+(S,es,ies)+com
Example:
Positive: He swim in the river.
Interrogative: Does he swim in the river?
Negative: He does not swim in the river.
Negative Interrogative: Does he not swim in the river?
ساده حاضره زمانه کې د سوالیه او منفی کوولو لپاره Does, Do راځي.
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Present Continues tense
It shows an action which happening rightnow.
داسې عمل ښایي کوم چې همدا اوس په جریان کې وي.
Structure: Sub+tobe+verb+ing+com
Example: Positive : I am writing my homework now.
Interrogative: Am I writing my homework now?
Negative : I am not writing my home work.
Negative Interrogative: Am I not writing my homework?
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Present perfect tense
Shows an action which is started and ended at un-specific time in the past.
Structure: Sub+have/has+3v+com/obj
دا زمانه داسې عمل ښایې کوم چې په تیر نامعلوم وخت کې پیل او پای ته رسیدلی وي.
Example:
Positive: Ali has eaten lunch.
Interrogative : Has ali eaten lunch?
Negative : Ali has not eaten lunch.
Negative Interrogative: Has ali not eaten lunch?
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Present perfect continues tense
Shows an action which started in the past,continue in the present , may or may not go to the future.
نوموړی زمانه هغه عمل ښایي کوم چې په تیر وخت کې شروع اوس هم جریان لري او کیدای شي چې راتلونکی وخت ته هم لاړ شی.
Structure: Sub+have/has+been+v+ing+com/obj
Example:
Positive : I have been teaching since morning.
Interrogative :Have I been teaching since morning.
Negative : I have been not teaching since morning.
Negative Interrogative: Have I not been teaching since morning.
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Simple past tense
It shows an action which started and ended at a specific time in the past.
دا زمانه داسې عمل ښايي کوم چې په تیر معلوم وخت کې پیل او پای ته رسیدلی وي.
Structure: Sub+2V+com/obj
Example: Positive: Ali went to Kabul today.
Negative: Ali did not go to Kabul today.
Interrogative: Did ali go to Kabul today?
Nagative Interrogative : Did ali not go to Kabul today?
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Past continues tense
It shows an action which was in progress at a specific time in the past.
نوموړی زمانه د تیر عمل جریان ښایي.
Structure: Sub+was/were+v+ing+com/obj
Example: Positive: Ali was writing a letter yesterday.
Negative : Ali was not writing a letter yesterday.
Interrogative: Was Ali writing a letter yesterday?
Nagative Interrogative : Was Ali not writing a letter yesterday
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Past perfect tense
It shows an action which started and ended before another action in the past.
نوموړي زمانه داسې عمل ښايي چې په تیر وخت کې د یوبل عمل څخه مخکې پیل او پای ته رسیدلی وي.
Structure: Sub+had+v3+com/obj
Example:
Positive: I had eaten lunch when you come.
Negative: I had not eaten lunch when you come.
Interrogative: Had I eaten lunch when you come?
Negative Interrogative: Had I not eaten lunch when you come?
Past perfect continouse
It shows an action which had been in progress for sometimes before another action in the past.
نوموړی زمانه داسې عمل ښایي چې په تیر وخت کې د یو بل عمل څخه مخکې د یوڅه وخت لپاره په جریان کې وي.
Structure: Sub+had+been+v+ing+com
Example: Positive : I had been eating lunch for 10 minutes when you come.
Negative: I had not been eating lunch for 10 minutes when you come.
Interrogative: Had I been eating lunch for 10 minutes when you come.
Negative Interrogative: Had I not been eating lunch for 10 minutes when you come?
Simple Future tense
Shows an action which will happen in the coming time.
داسي عمل ښایي کوم چې په راتلونکي وخت کې واقع کیږي.
Structure: Sub+will/shall+1v+com
Example: Positive : I will go to home.
Negative: I will not go to home.
Interrogative: Will I go to home?
Negative Interrogative: Will I not go to home?
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Future Continues tense
It shows an action which will be in progress at a specific time in the future.
نوموړی زمانه هغه عمل ښایی کوم چې به په راتلونکي وخت کې جاري وي.
Structure: Sub+will/shall+be+v+ing+com/obj
Example: Positive : Ali will be working tomorrow.
Negative: Ali will not be working tomorrow.
Interrogative: Will Ali be working tomorrow?
Negative Interrogative: Will Ali not be working tomorrow?
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Future perfect tense
It shows an action which will have been completed before another action in the future.
نوموړی زمانه داسې یو عمل جریان ښایي کوم چې به راتلونکي وخت کې د یو بل عمل څخه مخکې په جریان کې وي.
Structure: Sub+will+have+v3+com/obj
Example: Positive : He will have eaten lunch when I come.
Negative: He will not have eaten lunch when I come.
Interrogative: Will he have eaten lunch when I come?
Negative Interrogative: Will he not have eaten lunch when I come?
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Future perfect continues tense
It shows an action which will be in progress before another action in the future.
نوموړي زمانه داسې یو عمل جریان ښايي کوم چې به راتلونکي وخت کې د یو بل عمل څخه مخکې په جریان کې وي.
Structure: Sub+will+have+been+v+ing+com
Example: Positive : He will have been working for 2 hours when I come.
Negative: He will not have been working for 2 hours when I come.
Interrogative: Will he have been working for 2 hours when I come?
Negative Interrogative: will he not have been working for 2 hours when I come?
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Prepared by : Hamidullah Talwar ترتیب کوونکی: حمیدالله (تلوار)